不“合格”的参与者——论陈若曦文革书写中的知识分子形象

Unqualified Participants—On the Intellectual Image in Chen Ruoxi's Writings on the Cultural Revolution

陈若曦《耿尔在北京》、《值夜》等小说中塑造的文革时期归国知识分子形象,是其自身的投射,也代表了上世纪六七十年代加入政治朝圣的台湾留美左派知识分子在目睹现实后的理想失落。因为种种不适,使她的主动参与变成积极回避,她虽身历文革,却始终是一个没有卷入漩涡中央的旁观者,而她对文革的了解不可避免地更流于表面的感性认识。上世纪60年代留美的台湾知识分子,大多卷入了当时正如火如荼的左倾潮流中,像陈若曦这样对发生在中国大陆的文化大革命投以炽热的目光,毅然放弃原来的一切投身祖国的人不在少数。然而由于对现实缺乏正确了解,这些知识分子对这场运动的工具性及其它黑暗面一无所知,错误期待和误读使他们的政治朝圣产生了巨大失落。

The image of overseas Chinese intellectuals returning to China in the Cultural Revolution as created in Chen Ruoxi's novels,such as Geng Er in Beijing and On Night Duty,is a projection of herself and also represents the loss of the ideals of the Taiwan Residents Leftist intellectuals with some experience in the U.S.who joined the political pilgrimage in the 1960s and 1970s and saw what was happening.A variety of discomfort rendered her active participation into a vigorous evasion.Despite her participation in the Cultural Revolution,Chen remained a mere spectator not caught in the vortex,and her understanding of the Cultural Revolution was inevitably superficial.Most of the Taiwan intellectuals who went to study in the U.S.in the 1960s were involved in the then vigorous Leftist torrents.Like Chen,many of them were attracted by the Cultural Revolution and resolutely went back to China's Mainland,leaving behind all their comfort.However,due to the inadequate understanding of the reality,these intellectuals had no knowledge of the instrumental and dark sides of the movement,hence a great loss derived from their wrong expectation and misreading of the political pilgrimage.