上海市中小学生麻疹疫苗强化免疫的效果评价

The Evaluation of the Effect of a Mass Campaign Immunity with Measles Vaccine to Students in Primary and Middle Schools in Shanghai

为进一步降低上海市麻疹疫情,1994～1996年完成了中小学学生(5～19岁)一次麻疹疫苗强化免疫,共计接种1621454人,接种率9819%。流行病学效果评价:强化免疫前后3年平均发病率比较,5～19岁发病率由097/10万下降至015/10万,全市发病率由042/10万下降至016/10万;麻疹血凝抑制(HI)抗体,强化免疫前阴性率8%,几何平均滴度(GMT)1:553,强化免疫后阳性率100%,GMT1:5256,抗体≥4倍增长率944%,效果均极显著。

In order to reduce the incidence of measles in Shanghai, there carried out a mass campaign immunity with measles vaccine to students aged 5-19 years in primary and middle schools. The total of vaccination was 1621454, the rate was 98.19%. The measles average morbidity before vaccination was 0.42/100,000 and that of postvaccination was 0.16/100, 000. Before vaccination, the negative rate of measles HI antibody was 8% and the GMT of HI antibody was 1:5.53. but the HI positive rate increased to 100% and the GMT of HI antibody to 52.56% after vaccination. Fourfold increasing rate of HI antibody was 94.4%. All the data showed a very significant effect.