6[1]Farmer EA.Faculty development for problem-based learning[J].Eur J Dent Educ,2004,8 (2):59-66.
7[3]Neill PAO,Morris J,Baxter CM.Evaluation of a integrated curriculum using problem-based learning in a clinical environment:the Manchester experience[J].Med Edu,2000,34(2):222-230.
8[4]Howe A,Campion P,Searle J,et al.New perspectives-approaches to medical education at four new UK medical schools[J].BMJ,2004,329(1):327-331.
9[6]Norman GR,Schmidt HG.Effectiveness of problem-based learning curricula:theory,practice and paper darts[J].Med Educ,2000,34(3):721-728.
10[7]Miflin BM,Campbell CB,Price DA.A conceptual framework to guide the development of self-directed lifelong learning in problem-based medical curricula[J].Med Educ,2000,34 (4):299-306.
5Mohamad N, Suhaimi FH, Das S, et al. Problem based learning facilitation: new challenges to higher education educators [J]. International Medical Journal, 2009, 16(4): 243-246.
6Srinivasan M, Wilkes M, Stevenson F, et al. Comparing problem- based learning with case-based learning: effects of a major curricular shift at two institutions[J]. Acad Med, 2007, 82(1): 74-82.
7George D, Brenda Z. Problem-based learning in a nursing informatics curriculum[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2010, 30(2): 175-179.
8Macallan DC, Kent A, Holmes SC, et al. A model of clinical problem-based learning for clinical attachments in medicine [J]. Med Educ, 2009, 43(8): 799-807.
9Prince KJ, Van De Wiel M, Scherpbier AJ, et al. A qualitative analysis of the transition from theory to practice in undergraduate training in a PBL-medical school [J]. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pratt, 2000, 5(2): 105-116.
10Valaitis R K,Sword W A,Jones B, et al.Problem-based learning on- line: perceptions of health science students [J].Advance Health Science E- ducation Theory Practice, 2005,1 0( 3 ) : 231-252.
