2008-2010年鲁山县手足口病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease In Lushan county,2008-2010

目的分析2008-2010年鲁山县手足口病流行病学特点和发病趋势,为进一步预防和控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对鲁山县近3年来手足口病发病情况进行分析。结果2008-2010年鲁山县报告手足口病分别为80例、716例、1 442例,共计2 238例,发病率分别为9.39/10万、83.33/10万、166.71/10万;重症病例588例,聚集性病例72起;实验室诊断病例235例,其中EV71阳性病例179例,占76.17%;全年均有病例报告,3～7月为发病高峰期;县城及周边地区报告病例较多,偏僻地区相对较少;男性多于女性,男女之比为1.51∶1;以3岁以下儿童发病居多,共2 114例,占总发病数的94.46%,其中1～2岁组发病1 681例,占75.11%;职业分布以散居儿童为主,共2 124例,占总发病数的94.91%。结论鲁山县手足口病以3岁以下散居儿童居多,流行高峰在3～7月份,实验室阳性病例主要为EV71病毒感染,应加强手足口病疫情的监测和全民健康教育工作,做到早预防、早发现、早诊断、早治疗是手足口病预防控制工作的重要措施。

Objective A scientific basis for further prevention and control of HFMD（Hand,Food and Mouth Disease）can be provided by analyzing Hand,Food and Mouth disease epidemiological characteristics and trends in Lushan County,2008-2010.Methods Using descriptive epidemiplogy methods analyses nearly three years Hand,Food and Mouth disease of Lushan county.Results The cases of Hand,Food and Mouth disease from 2008 to 2010 were respectively 80,716,1 442,2 238 in total and the incidence rates were respectively 9.39/100.000,83.33/100.000,166.74/100.000,of which 588 cases were the severe cases,72 patients were the clustering cases and 235 patients are the laboratory diagnosis,besides,179 cases were EV71 positive,which accounted for 76.17 %.There were case reports all the year round and the peak was from March to July.County and the surrounding areas are more reported cases,remote areas is relatively small;The male incidence was higher than that of the female and the ratio was 1.51∶1.Most of the patients were children under 3 years old,2114 in total,accounting for 94.46 %,of which 1681 cases happened in children between 1 and 2 years old,and accounted for 75.11 %.The scattered children were the main group of the Hand,Foot and Mouth disease patients,2 124 in total,accounting for 94.91 % of the whole cases.Conclusion Most of the foot and mouth disease patients in Lushan were the scattered children under 3 years old,and the peak of it was from March to July.The positive laboratory cases were mainly EV71 virus infection.HFMD epidemic monitoring and national health education should be strengthed.The important measures of HFMD are early prevention,early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment.