从生活原型到文学形象——关于《白鹿原》中朱先生形象的塑造

From Life Prototype to Literature Image --On Moulding of the Image of Mr. Zhu in White Deer Plateau

朱先生是《白鹿原》中唯一一个有完整生活原型的人物。朱先生的生活原型是清末举人牛兆濂，也是程朱理学关中学派的最后一位传人，不仅学识渊博，且有铮铮铁骨。但是，《白鹿原》书中的朱先生作为艺术形象超越了生活真人牛才子，朱先生从精神和心理上已经摆脱了生活原型的束缚，不但包涵着作者的人生经验和艺术体验，而且已经成为具有自己独特生命和个性的艺术形象。

Mr. Zhu is the only figure that has complete life prototype in White Deer Plateau. The life prototype of Mr. Zhu is Niu Zhaolian, a Juren in late Qing Dynasty, and last descendent of Guan Zhong School of Neo-Confucianism, with not only erudiction but also integrity. However the image of Mr. Zhu in White Deer Plateau goes beyond the real Niu. Mr. Zhu has got free spiritually and psychologically from the binding of the life prototype, containing not only the life and artistic experience of the author, but also the artistic symbol with unique life and personality.