社会分类与面孔识别的内群体偏向

Social categorization and the ingroup biases in face recognition

面孔识别中的内群体偏向是一种已得到普遍证实的现象,表现为个体对于内群体成员面孔的识别与再认成绩显著好于外群体成员面孔。在回顾近年来从社会分类角度对该现象所作研究结果的基础上,概括并比较了其中的两条主要研究途径。既往的研究一致证明单纯的社会分类自身即足以使得个体对内群体成员面孔产生更强的整体加工,从而表现出内群体偏向。然而这些研究的实验情境设置过于简单,今后的研究应设置更为复杂的多群体背景来考察分类标准在内群体偏向中的作用。

Ingroup bias in face recognition is a well-established phenomenon wherein ingroup faces are remembered better than outgroup faces.Recent studies conducted from the perspective of social categorization were reviewed in the current paper and two research lines were identified and compared.These studies consistently confirmed that mere social categorization is sufficient to elicit more holistic processing for ingroup faces and thus the ingroup bias.As the experimental situation is oversimplified,it was suggested that future studies may benefit from exploring the role of categorization criteria in a multi-group situation.