国民政府初期对北平高等教育的整顿——以北平大学为中心的考察

Reorganization of Higher Education in Peiping in the Early Period of National Government——On the basis of Peiping University

国民政府定都南京之后,围绕控制高等院校数量及提升高等教育质量,对高等教育大加整顿。对北平地区高等教育,国民政府主要就大学滥设、院系设置混乱、教师兼职现象严重以及学校风潮不断等方面进行了整顿,并取得了一定的成绩。但整顿工作阻力重重,尤其在对北平大学的整顿工作中,虽院系结构调整方面的政策基本得到落实,在限制教员兼职以及整顿学校风潮等方面却未能如愿。同样,该校院系结构的调整也非一帆风顺,政府和学界两种势力之较量如影随形,致使政府的整顿效率深受影响。

Since Nanjing was the capital of the National Government,in order to control the quantity of higher education institutions and improve the quality of higher education,the National Government had taken some measures to reorganize it.To reorganize the higher education in Peiping,the National Government took actions to deal with the following problems,such as setting up the universities carelessly,establishment confusion of the faculty structure,teachers holding more posts concurrently,school agitation continuously,and so on.And it got certain results.However,that work met with some resistance,especially in Peiping University's reorganization.Although the policy of the faculty structure's adjustment had been implemented basically,there were not satisfactory in limiting teachers' part-time jobs and school agitation.Similarly,the adjustment of the faculty structure didn't work smoothly.Two forces from the government and the academic were always fighting,so that the efficiency of Peiping University's reorganization was hindered.