双通道激光主动探测系统

Dual-channel active laser detection system

为了有效探测"猫眼"目标的微弱回波信号并获得目标区域的直观图像信息,设计了基于雪崩光电二极管(APD)单元探测器和电荷耦合器件(CCD)面阵探测器的双通道激光主动探测系统。介绍了硬件设计的基本思路,包括各模块功能、组成和主要部件所采用的型号。针对双通道探测模式的关键技术,阐述了APD探测模式下接收放大电路的设计方法,并分析了CCD探测模式下响应波长的匹配问题。最后,在外场条件下,利用望远镜和激光测距机等典型"猫眼"目标对该双通道激光主动探测系统进行了实验验证。实验结果表明,利用APD探测模式进行探测时,550m距离处望远镜的回波能量响应是类镜面目标回波能量响应的2.87倍以上;利用CCD探测模式进行探测时,550m距离处望远镜的回波能量响应和2 500m距离处激光测距机光学窗口的回波能量响应分别是背景目标回波能量响应的2.72倍和2.31倍以上。该双通道激光主动探测系统可将典型"猫眼"目标从背景及干扰目标中清晰检出,验证了探测系统设计的合理性和有效性。

A dual-channel active laser detection system based on an Avalanche Photo Diode（APD） and a Charge-couple Device（CCD） is designed to effectively detect weak echo signals of ＂cat-eye＂ targets and to acquire the intuitive image information of a target area.Firstly,the concept of hardware design is introduced,including the functions and constitution of some modulies and the types of primary assemblies.Then,based on the key problems of designing receiving-magnifying circuit in the APD detection mode,the circuit constitution,working principle and the selection of main parts are discussed,and the match of response spectrum for the CCD and laser is analyzed.Finally,the detection experiments are performed by using typical ＂cat-eye＂ targets at different distances.The experimental results show that the echo signal power of the typical ＂cat-eye＂ target is 2.87 times that of mirror-like surface at a distance of 550 m in the APD mode;and the echo signal power of a telescope and that of optical window for a laser finder are 2.72 times and 2.31 times those of background at distances of 550 m and 2 500 m in the CCD mode,respectively.The dual-channel active laser detection system can capture the ＂cat-eye＂ targets from background and jamming targets easily,which proves the rationality and validity of the proposed system.