麦田间作对麦长管蚜的生态调控作用

The function of ecological regulation to aphids in the wheat intercropping field

[目的]探讨麦田间作对麦长管蚜种群的生态调控作用。[方法]田间调查小麦单作田、小麦与绿豆、小麦与豌豆以8:2行距间作田麦长管蚜种群数量及其时间动态变化;室内利用"Y"型嗅觉仪测定麦长管蚜对小麦、小麦与绿豆、小麦与豌豆不同组合气味的选择性。[结果]麦田间作不能影响麦蚜种群随时间动态变化曲线,但能在一定程度上降低麦长管蚜无翅蚜和有翅蚜的数量。室内麦长管蚜无翅蚜和有翅蚜显著选择寄主植物的气味。当小麦与绿豆或小麦与豌豆组合时对麦长管蚜没有吸引作用。[结论]非寄主植物的气味对寄主植物气味起掩盖作用,干扰蚜虫的寄主定位,这可能是间作低于单作蚜量的原因之一。

[Objective]This study tried to evaluate the ecological regulation of intercropping to Macrosiphum miscanthi populations.[Method]Wheat intercropping with mung bean or pea were designed by row ratio of 8：2（wheat： mung bean or pea） in the field experiments to investigate the quantity and dynamic changes of M.miscanthi population with time.Selective preference of M.miscanthi to the volatiles of wheat,mung bean,pea and their different combination were analyzed by Y-tube in laboratory tests.[Result]The curve of aphid＇s population dynamics with time was not affected by intercropping,while compared with the monoculture,the quantity of aphids,to some extent,was decreased in intercropping fields.In the laboratory,the odour of host were significantly selected by M.miscanthi apterae and alatae,and the mixture odour of wheat with mung bean or with pea had no appeal to the aphids.[Conclusion]The odour of non-hosts could cover the odour of hosts,which interfered the aphid＇s host location,suggesting that intercropping significantly reduced the quantity of aphids populations.