对流层臭氧浓度升高对植物光合特性影响的研究进展

Research advance in the effect of elevated O_3 on characteristics of photosynthesis

作为重要的空气污染物之一,对流层臭氧浓度平均以每年2%的速率递增。高浓度臭氧可抑制植物的生长发育,影响生物量和产量的形成,且响应程度随O3设置浓度、试验平台和品种的不同而异。光合作用作为植物最基本的生理过程,同时也是对O3最敏感的生理过程之一。从植物损伤症状、光合作用的光反应、暗反应等方面概括了高浓度臭氧对植物光合特性影响的研究进展,为阐述O3损伤机理、耐性品种的选育提供理论依据。

Ozone （ 03 ） is recognized as one of the most important air pollutants. At present, the worldwide average tropospheric O3 concentration is rising at 2%. The growth and the photosynthetic rate are often inhibited when plants are exposed to elevated O3 due to its strongly oxidizing property, the biomass and yield would be influenced. Also, the extent of variation is changed as O3 concentration, the treatment methods and cultivars. Photosynthesis is not only the most basic physiological process of plants, but also one of the most O3 -sensitive processes. This paper reviewed the influences of elevated O3 on plant photosynthesis from visible injury symptoms, light and dark reaction of photosynthesis, aim at analyzing the mechanism of their different responses and providing the theoretical basis for breeding O3-tolerent eultivars in future.