Kalirin,一种新的神经保护因子的研究进展

Recent progress in kalirin of a new neuroprotection factor

Kalirin是一种胞质内蛋白,属于Dbl(Diffuse B lymphoma)癌基因家族的一员,由于其与PAM(一种对神经肽生物合成所必需的酶)相互作用而首次被发现。主要在成年大鼠的中枢神经系统中永久性高表达,在胚胎中的表达比在成年鼠更加普遍,既在神经组织中表达也在非神经组织中表达。Kalirin能够激发神经元突起的生长、提高树突棘的数量在协调内分泌、神经轴突的生长、突触的发育、大脑的成熟等过程中发挥极其重要的作用。Kalirin作为神经保护因子为中枢神经系统的退行性及急性损伤相关疾病提供新的治疗线索,有着非常广泛的应用前景。就Kalirin的发现、分子结构、亚基、分布、在神经系统保护等方面的应用前景进行综述。

Kalirin is a kind of eytosolic protein with adjacent Dbl homology. It previously was identified as a protein interacting with the cytosolic routing determinants of peptidylglyeine a-amidating monooxygenase （PAM）. In the adult rat, kalirin is specifically localized to the central nervous system and expression in the embryo is more widespread than in the adult, with localization of kalirin protein to both neuronal and non-neuronal tissue. Kalirin was demonstrated enhancing outgrowth of neuritic processes and the number of dendritic spines. Kalirin plays a vital role in process of coordinating the secretion, the growth of nervous axon, the development of synapse and the maturation of brain. As a neuroprotective factor for the central nervous system related diseases of degenerative and acute injury, kalirin provides a new treatment method. This article reviewed the discovery, molecular structure, type, expression and the role of neuroprotection of kalirin.