4个群体西太公鱼mtDNA D-1oop区段的限制性片段长度多态性分析

Genetic diversity in four populations of Smelt Genus H. nipponensis inferred from RFLP of mtDNA D-loop region

应用PCR技术对天津市于桥水库、北京市密云水库、日本北海道和日本青森县4个群体共151尾西太公鱼(Hypomesus nipponensis)的mtDNA D-loop区段进行扩增,得到长度约为1.8kbp的扩增片段.扩增出的DNA片段使用13种核酸内切限制酶进行酶切,其中8种核酸内切限制酶(AluⅠ、DraⅠ、HaeⅢ、HindⅢ、HinfⅠ、MboⅠ、TaqⅠ和XspⅠ)有酶切位点,5种核酸内切限制酶(AluⅠ、HinfⅠ、MboⅠ、TaqⅠ和XspⅠ)个体间存在变异.不同酶切结果组合后,共得到28种单倍型,于桥水库、密云水库、北海道和青森西太公鱼均以单倍型6为主,分别为36.36%、38.30%、43.33%和26.67%;于桥水库、密云水库、北海道及青森西太公鱼单倍型多样性指数(h)分别为0.817 1、0.814 1、0.779 3和0.882 8;核苷酸多样性指数(π)分别为0.007 918、0.007 326、0.007 255和0.009 710.于桥水库西太公鱼与密云水库西太公鱼之间的Rogers遗传距离最小,为0.149 9;于桥水库西太公鱼与日本青森西太公鱼之间的Rogers遗传距离最大,为0.221 5;日本北海道西太公鱼与密云水库西太公鱼之间的遗传距离为0.151 1,大于于桥水库西太公鱼与密云西太公鱼之间的遗传距离,但小于日本境内北海道西太公鱼与青森西太公鱼之间的遗传距离.

The mtDNA D-loop region of Hypomesus nipponensis （sample size 151） of 4 populations （Yuqiao Reservoir in Tianjin, Miyun Reservoir in Beijing, Hokkaido of Japan, Aomori County of Japan） were amplified using PCR. The amplified fragments （about 1.8 kbp） were digested by 13 restriction endonucleases. There were restriction sites in 8 restriction endonucleases （Alu I , Dra I , Hae[lI , Hindl]I , Hinf I , Mbo I , Taq I and Xsp I ）. Alu I , Hinf I , Mbo I , Taq I and Xsp I showed polymorphism and 28 haplotypes were formed. 36. a6U00 of Yuqiao population, 38.3% of Miyun population, 26.67% of Aomori population and 43. 33% of Hokkaido population were haplotype 6, and the haplotype diversity （h） and nucleotide diversity （π） of four populations are 0. 817 1, 0. 007 981 （Yuqiao） ; 0. 814 1, 0. 007 326 （Miyun） ; 0. 779 3, 0. 007 255 （Hokkaido） and 0. 882 8, 0. 009 710 （Aomori）, respectively. The Rogers＇ genetic distance of H. nipponensis between Yuqiao and Miyun is minimum （0. 149 9） and that between Yuqiao and Aomori is maximum （0. 221 5）, that between Hokkaido and Miyun is 0. 151 1 which is smaller than that between Hokkaido and Aomori.