早期鲁迅与西方自由主义原典理论

Early Time Lu-xun and the Doctrine of Western Liberalism

鲁迅是否是一个自由主义者迄今仍是一个争论不休的问题。纠缠于鲁迅是否自由主义者身份似乎并不必要,重要的是明晰鲁迅在哪些方面和自由主义产生确凿有据的关联。鲁迅的一生特别是早期曾多次引用自由主义理论家的言论,鲁迅的"以众陵寡"论和自由主义的"多数暴政"、"多数统治"主张如出一辙,鲁迅的"任个人而排众数"的立场、鲁迅对于自由和平等的理解也在自由主义那里得到回应,鲁迅事实上对自由主义并无厌恶之感。鲁迅的独异之处在于他是"无所属"的,他不属于任何主义,但又和包括自由主义在内的多种主义发生深刻的关联。

There has been an endless argument of whether I.u-xun is a liberalist. It is unnecessary to be stuck in the possibility of Lu-xun＇s liberalist identification＇ rather it is of importance to clarify what aspects of him merit concrete correlations with liberalism. Lu-xun in his life, especially at his early time, used to cite the opinions of liberalists, his argument of ＂the many rule the few＂ is highly accordance with liberalist＇s propositions of majorities＇ tyranny. Lu-xun＇s stand of ＂backing individuals and against traditional obscurantist policy＂ and his comprehension of liberty and being equal all incarnates liberalism, from which he actually did not abhor liberalism. The uniqueness of him rests with his without belonging to： he does not affiliate to any＂-ism＇, meanwhile has ingrained correlation with many sorts of ＂-ism＂ including that of liberalism.