西安市部分养老机构老年人的慢性病患病状况及其危险因素

Current Status and Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases in Elderly People Living in Nursing Homes of Xi'an

目的探讨西安市部分养老机构老年人慢性病的流行现状及其危险因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法,对西安市部分养老机构472名老年人慢性病患病状况进行横断面调查,并对危险因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果调查人群慢性病患病率为80.6%,同时患两种及以上慢性病的老年人占总调查对象的55.3%,其中高血压、白内障、脑血管病和冠心病的现患率分别为37.1%、27.0%、23.5%、17.9%。慢性病的主要危险因素为女性、向心性肥胖和慢性病家族史。参加医疗保险为慢性病的保护因素。结论西安市养老机构老年人的慢性病患病率较高,加强慢性病防治知识的宣传教育、做好健康促进工作应作为养老机构慢性病管理的重点。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of main chronic diseases among elderly in the nursing homes of Xi＇an.Methods A total of 472 elderly people were selected by cluster sampling investigation.The relevant risk factors were analyzed by multiple factor logistic regression.Results The prevalence rate of chronic disease in the sample was 80.6%.Those who suffered from two or more chronic diseases accounted for 55.3% of the total number.The prevalence rates of hypertension,cataract,cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease were 37.1%,27.0%,23.5% and 17.9% respectively.Multiple-variation logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of chronic diseases included female,central obesity and family history,while medical insurance was the positive preventive factor.Conclusion The prevalence rate of chronic disease among elderly people in the nursing homes of Xi＇an is high.The institution should pay more attention on health education and promotion as the major management of chronic diseases.