重庆市石柱县12014名少年儿童先天性心脏病患病率的普查

Congenital heart disease prevalence survey of 12014 children in Chongqing Shizhu county

目的调查2009年石柱县少年儿童先天性心脏病(CHD)的发病率。方法对重庆市石柱县的6个乡镇及县城的16个中、小学校及幼儿园,共12 014名3～15岁少年儿童进行了健康体检及CHD初筛,筛查出有心脏杂音者进一步行心脏彩色多普勒超声检查,以筛查CHD患儿。结果有心脏杂音者217例(18.06‰),其中患有各型CHD 70例(占心脏杂音者32.26%),总人群各型CHD患病率为5.83‰。其中室间隔缺损、房间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭的检出率位居前3位,分别为16例(22.86%)、9例(12.86%)和9例(12.86%);不同年龄段CHD的检出率有所不同,3～5岁年幼儿童的检出率明显高于9～15岁年长儿童。结论对少年儿童进行CHD普查是发现及彻底根治CHD、降低CHD病死率的有效方法。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of congenital heart disease（CHD） in children of Chongqing Shizhu county in 2009.Methods The health examination and preliminary screening of congenital heart disease were carried out in the 16 primary and secondary schools and kindergartens,a total of 12 014 children aged 3-15 years.Children with heart murmur were screened for further cardiac color Doppler ultrasound examination.Results A total of 12,014 children and adolescents were involved in this prevalence survey.There were 217 cases of heart murmur（18.06‰）,in which 70 cases were diagnosed with various types of congenital heart disease（32.26%）.Population prevalence of congenital heart disease was 5.83 ‰.The top three in the detection rates of CHD were ventricular septal defect in 16 cases（22.86%）,followed by atrial septal defect in 9 cases（12.86%） and patent ductus arteriosus in 9 cases（12.86%）.In different age groups,the detection rate was different.The detection rate in 3-5 years of young children was higher than that in 9-15 years older children.Conclusion The general survey of CHD on children is an effective method to discovery and eradicate congenital heart disease,and reduce the mortality rate of congenital heart disease.