精神分裂症患者心理旋转的ERP脑地形图研究

The ERP brain topographic map study on mental rotation in schizophrenicPatients

目的探讨精神分裂症患者心理旋转的事件相关电位脑地形图的变化。方法对33例精神分裂症患者(精神分裂症组)和30例正常健康人(对照组)进行心理旋转任务的ERP测定。对其脑地形图分布的变化进行对照观察。结果 (1)精神分裂症组较对照组错误率显著性增高,反应时显著性减少(P<0.05);(2)精神分裂症组较对照组正镜像波幅显著性降低(P<0.05);精神分裂症组只有右顶-枕叶区域被激活,兴奋性降低,面积变小,而镜像更低、更小;在0～200 ms精神分裂症组顶叶出现一个兴奋性更高、面积更大的负成分;两组正镜像顶-枕叶右边兴奋性都高于左边。结论 (1)精神分裂症患者心理旋转能力受损,镜像严重受损,且心理旋转的正镜像加工机制可能不同,提示正镜像加工能力可以相互转化。(2)心理旋转存在一个反应准备负电位和右脑优势半球,精神分裂症患者反应准备时需要消耗更多心理资源。揭示心理旋转能力受损的脑地形图可作为诊断精神分裂症的辅助指标。

Objective To explore the change of the event related potential （ERP） brain topographic map on schizophrenics＇ mental rotation. Methods 33 schizophrenics and 30 healthy controls were tested in the brain ERP system when making mental rotation tasks. The change of distribution of brain topographic map were compared. Results （ 1 ） Compared with control group, the error rate was significantly higher and the response time was significantly shorter in schizophrenics （ P 〈 0.05 ）. （2） Compared with control group, the volatility of schizophrenics was significantly lower （P 〈 0.05 ）. The activated region located only in the right parietal-occipital lobe, in which the excitability was lower, the area was smaller and the mirror is even worse. At 0 - 200 ms, the parietal lobe in schizophrenics showed a negative potential with higher excitability and larger area. The normal mirror excitability in the fight side was significantly higher than that in the left side in top - occipital lobe in both groups. Conclusion （ 1 ） Schizophrenia＇mental rotating ability is impaired. And the mirror processing is impaired seriously, hinting the normal mirror processing mechanism of mental rotating may be different individually and can he converted reciprocally. （2） There is negative potential of response preparation and fight dominant hemisphere in mental rotation. Patients with schizophrenia consumes more psychological resources in the process of response preparation. The study suggests that the brain topographic map of mental rotating disability may be used as assistant diagnostic index of schizophrenia.