中国新疆紫花苜蓿复合体3个种的遗传多样性及亲缘关系研究

Genetic diversity and genetic relationships among three species of Medicago sativa complex in Xinjiang Province of China

利用15对SSR引物和10个ISSR引物对紫花苜蓿复合体3个种黄花苜蓿、多变苜蓿及紫花苜蓿共10个居群的遗传多样性及亲缘关系进行研究。结果表明,SSR标记下,10个居群中多变苜蓿VG居群多态位点百分率、Shannon信息指数及Nei’s基因多样性指数均最高;ISSR标记下,黄花苜蓿FH居群以上3个指数均最高;黄花苜蓿居群FH在2种分子标记下都存在特有位点。说明在10个居群中多变苜蓿居群VG与黄花苜蓿居群FH表现出较丰富的遗传多样性,值得进一步保护。UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,在2种分子标记下3个种可以被有效区分,结合它们在新疆境内的分布,本研究支持仍将紫花苜蓿、黄花苜蓿和多变苜蓿划分为3个种。

The genetic diversity and the genetic relationships among 10 populations of Medicago falcata,M.varia and M.sativa,belonging to the M.sativa complex were studied by using 15 pair of SSR primers and 10 ISSR primers.The results showed that population VG of M.varia had the highest percentage of polymorphism bands（PPB）,Shannon＇s information index（I） and Nei＇s genetic diversity index（h） of 10 populations in SSR results;population FH of M.falcata had the 3 highest indices in ISSR results;population FH had private bands in SSR and ISSR results,which indicated VG of M.sativa and FH of M.falcata had the highest genetic diversity and thus need to be protected further.Three species could be distinguished clearly by UPGMA cluster analysis and combined their distribution in Xinjiang area,our study supported their classification at the species level.