当代西方对公共领域隐私问题的研究及其启示

On the Issue of Privacy in Public Domain

西方传统的隐私研究,一般将隐私问题锁定在与公共领域相分离的私人领域。但随着现代社会的发展,特别是信息社会的到来,公共领域的隐私问题日益引起人们的担忧。西方学界正视这一新的隐私问题,力图使隐私理论能够适应当代社会的客观需要,从而突破传统的公共与私人二分法的限制,扩展了隐私研究的对象。虽然西方学者对公共领域隐私问题的研究具有重要的理论意义和实践意义,但这种研究又存在着某些不可否认的不足和缺陷。我们既要立足于中国特殊的国情,充分发挥自身文化资源的优势,又要批判地吸取西方学界的积极成果,建立自己的隐私理论,以为公共领域的隐私权立法提供相应的辩护。

In Western academic circles, the issue of privacy is traditionally confined to private domain which is separated from public domain. However, along with the development of modern society and the advent of information society, the issue of privacy in public domain has been causing increasingly serious concern. Facing up to this new issue of privacy, Western academ- ic scholars have been striving to make privacy theory fit in with the objective requirements of contemporary society. As a result, some Western scholars have broken through the limitations of traditional public - private dichotomy and extended the subjects of privacy study. Although Western studies on privacy in public domain are of both theoretical and practical value, yet undeniably there are defects and deficiencies in them. On the one hand, we should base ourselves on our special national culture and give full play to our own cultural resources; on the other hand, we must critically absorb the positive results of Western scholars, so that we may establish our own privacy theory with which the legislation for privacy in public domain will be defended.