考虑集中型充电站定址分容的电网规划研究

Grid Planning Considering Capacity and Site of Large-scale Centralized Charging Stations

采用基于里程计费的换电池模式和建立规模庞大的集中型充电站是电动汽车产业具有竞争力的发展模式。集中型充电站作为功率巨大的负荷对电力系统运行影响较为显著,但是其规划问题当前缺乏相应的理论指导。简要介绍了"集中充电、统一配送"的运营模式,针对集中型充电站接入的电网规划问题,综合考虑电力网络和交通网络因素,建立了集中型充电站的定址分容模型,通过方案比较验证了模型的有效性,并从新建线路传输容量和待选站址地价2方面对模型进行了灵敏度分析,结果表明二者均为影响集中型充电站定址分容的关键因素。

The battery swapping scheme together with pricing with mile counting and large-scale centralized charging is a competitive way for the development of electric vehicle industry. Although a large-scale centralized charging station has significant effects on the power system operation, it lacks of theoretical guidance for its planning. The scheme of ＂centralized charging, unified distribution＂ was introduced. Considering power grid and traffic network, a planning model which aims to decide the capacity and site choice of a large-scale centralized charging station was established. The effectiveness of this model was tested by the comparison of several alternatives. Sensitivity analysis was made with reference to the new lines＇ transmission capacity and the candidate station＇s land price, which were proved to be the key factors for the selection of centralized charging stations＇ sites and capacity allocating.