论刑法中义务冲突的成立要件

On the Elements for the Conflict of Obligations in Criminal Law

刑法中的义务冲突,是指行为人同时负有数个义务,履行其中一个义务就无法履行其他刑事义务的困境。冲突的义务有轻重大小之分,只有刑事义务的不履行才可能构成刑法中的义务冲突。行为人主观上的故意、过失心态并不能成为义务冲突成立的要素。刑法中义务冲突的成立要件应当包括两个:第一个是行为人同时身负数个义务,此为义务冲突成立的形式要件;第二个是因履行一个义务而无法履行其他义务,此为义务冲突的实质要件。

The conflict of obligations in criminal law means the situation where one bears several legal obligations simultaneously and the fulfillment of one obligation precludes the fulfillment of any other.Conflicting obligations vary in severity.Only the non-compliance for criminal obligations may constitute the conflict of obligations in criminal law.The individual＇s subjective intent and negligence are not elements for the conflict of obligations.There are two elements for the conflict of obligations in criminal law.One is the formal element,the fact that one individual bears several obligations simultaneously.The other is the substantive element,the fact that the fulfillment of one obligation precludes the fulfillment of any other.