神农架林区斯氏狸殖吸虫病原学研究

Investigation on the etiology of Paragonimiasis skrjabini in Shennongjia

目的调查神农架林区斯氏狸殖吸虫的中间宿主和保虫宿主种类及感染状况。方法剖检斯氏狸殖吸虫中间宿主和保虫宿主,检查感染情况,计算感染率;观察或测量自然感染、人工感染及采自病人体内的虫体形态和大小。结果第一中间宿主拟钉螺感染率为0.91%(18/1 988),第二中间宿主锯齿华溪蟹、光泽华溪蟹和陕西华溪蟹,平均感染率为31.38%(412/1 313)。保虫宿主家猫自然感染率为51.72%(15/29),果子狸自然感染率为15.79%(3/19)。人工感染家犬的平均检虫率为37.83%(1 044/2 760),经口感染和腹腔注射两种方式均可感染,肺部检虫率最高为68.58%(716/1 044)。31例典型结节型斯氏狸殖吸虫病患者皮下结节活检,6例检获斯氏狸殖吸虫童虫,占19.35%。自然感染、人工感染动物体内检获的成虫及人体检获的童虫大小不一,但形态近似。结论神农架林区为斯氏狸殖吸虫病流行区,拟钉螺及锯齿华溪蟹是主要的中间宿主。

Objective To investigate the intermediate hosts and reservoir hosts of Paragonimias skrjabini and its infection status in Shennongjia.Methods The intermediate hosts and reservoir hosts were captured and anatomized to calculate the positive rate.The natural infection,the artificial infection,and the shape and size of worm from patients were observed.Results The positive rate of the first intermediate hosts Tricula was 0.91%（18/1 988）.The average positive rate of 3 kinds of river crabs for the second intermediate hosts of paragonimiasis,Sinopotamon denticulatum,S.davidi and S.shensieense,was 31.38%（412/1 313）.The natural infection rate for cats was 51.72%（15/29） and the natural infection rate for civet cat was 15.79%（3/19）.The average infection rate in artificial worm-infected dogs was 37.83%（1 044/2 760）.The infection via mouth and intraperitoneal injection were effective.The highest infection rate in lung was 68.58%（716/1 044）.Biolpsy of 31 cases of typical nodules from patients with P.skrjabini showed that the larve of P.skrjabini were found in 6 cases（19.35%）.The shape of adult of P.skrjabini for natural infection,artificial infection,people＇s physical examination was similar,but the size was different.Conclusion Shennongjia is a disease endemic area of P.skrjabini,Tricula sp and Sinopotamon denticulatum are the main intermediate hosts of P.skrjabini.