老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术后恢复饮食的观察

The observation of the diet recovery of elderly patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

目的探讨老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)后恢复饮食方式对患者术后康复的影响。方法收集2010年1月～2011年8月在该院行LC的282例老年患者,分为流质到半流质饮食恢复组(192例)和半流质到普通饮食恢复组(90例),观察不同的饮食恢复方式对于患者术后恢复的影响,观察指标为有无腹胀、恶性、呕吐等。结果流质到半流质饮食的恢复方式较半流质到普食的方式为好,表现在老年患者在LC后腹胀等消化道不适症状发生率明显减少,流质到半流质的饮食恢复方式随着年龄的增加,术后消化道不适症状发生率增加。结论术后循序渐进从流质到半流质两步曲方法的饮食恢复模式有利于LC后老年患者的康复,术后患者进食后消化功能的恢复与年龄有关,年龄越大,消化功能恢复越困难。

[Objective] To study the effects of diet recovery on postoperative rehabilitation of elderly patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy（LC）.[Methods] 282 cases in the past 20 months of elderly patients after LC in our hospital were collected and divided into two different dietary recovering groups [from liquid to semi-liquid diet（192 cases）,semi-liquid to normal diet（90 cases）],whose postoperative recovery was observed of indicators with or without abdominal distension,vicious,vomiting,etc.[Results] Better results were observed for liquid to semi-liquid diet than semi-liquid to normal diet,and in the elderly patients after LC abdominal distension and other uncomfortable gastrointestinal symptoms was significantly reduced（P 0.01）.Increasing with age,uncomfortable postoperative gastrointestinal symptoms were found for the elderly patients treated with liquid to semi-liquid diet（P 0.01）.[Conclusions] The method of a gradual step from liquid to semi-liquid diet recovery mode does good to the elderly patients after LC.The older the patients are,the more difficulty for digestive function to recover.