手术患者术前恐惧性焦虑心理的影响因素分析及护理干预

Analysis of the influencing factors of fearful anxiety for patients before surgery and nursing interventions

目的调查手术患者术前恐惧性焦虑心理的影响因素，探讨护理干预对改善术前患者恐惧性焦虑心理的效果。方法选取2009年1月至2010年1月收治的500例手术患者作为研究对象。将其随机分为对照组与观察组各250例，对照组患者按照常规术前护理进行护理，观察组患者实施术前护理干预，统计2组患者的一般资料、手术方案、手术方案知晓情况、患者家庭情况、经济状况等，并对其进行SAS评分测定，分析术前恐惧性焦虑的影响因素；比较2组患者术前30minSAS评分。结果手术患者术前恐惧性焦虑心理的影响因素主要有：性格、文化程度、家庭经济状况、对手术方案的知晓情况及手术大小等因素。2组患者术前30min焦虑评分比较，观察组显著低于对照组。结论手术患者术前恐惧性焦虑与患者自身情况及医疗服务水平直接相关，术前充分了解患者情况，做好针对性的术前护理干预，可有效减轻患者术前焦虑，有利于成功实施手术及术后康复。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of preoperative fearful anxiety, and explore the effect of nursing intervention for the improvement of preoperative fearful anxiety. Methods 500 cases of surgical patients in our hospital from January 2009 to January 2010 were chosen as the research objects. They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 250 patients in each group. The control group was given routine preoperative nursing care. The observation group was given preoperative nursing intervention. The general information, surgery program, knowledge of surgical program, the patients＇ family situation and economic situation were taken for statistics. Their SAS score 30 minutes before the surgery was determined, and the influencing factors of preoperative fearful anxiety were analyzed. Results The study showed that the influencing factors of fearful anxiety included： character, education background, family economic status, knowledge of the situation of surgery and other factors. The anxiety score 30 min before surgery was compared, the observation group was significantly lower than that of the con- trol group. The difference between the two groups was significant. Conclusions The preoperative fearful anxiety was directly related to patients＇ own situation and level of medical services. Fully understanding of the situation before surgery and targeted preoperative nursing interventions can effectively reduce preoperative anxiety, and is conducive to the successful implementation of operation and postoperative rehabilitation.