单晶二氧化钛纳米线的制备及其在柔性染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

Preparation of Single-Crystalline TiO_2 Nanowires and Their Application in Flexible Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

采用强碱水热法制备单晶二氧化钛纳米线(SCTNW),在高压高温和强碱作用下,二氧化钛颗粒的(010)晶面被NaOH溶液侵蚀,生成钛酸钠(Na2Ti4O9);经过酸洗后,生成钛酸水合物(H2Ti4O9·H2O),钛酸水合物之间通过氢键连接成线状;烧结失水后,最终形成SCTNW.通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、X射线能量散射谱(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段进行表征和测试,分析了SCTNW的形成过程,探讨了水热时间对SCTNW形成的影响;将获得的SCTNW共混在二氧化钛纳米颗粒的胶体中,采用刮涂法在柔性钛箔上制备了染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)光阳极,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、交流阻抗谱(EIS)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)分光光度计和电池光电性能等表征和测试,探讨了SCTNW的共混量对柔性DSSC光电性能的影响.实验结果表明:当共混7.5%(w)的SCTNW时,所制备的柔性DSSC在100mW·cm-2模拟太阳光照下,光电转换效率达到6.48%.

Single-crystalline TiO 2 nanowires（SCTNWs）were prepared using a hydrothermal growth method.The（010）crystal face of the titania particles was eroded by NaOH solution to produce Na 2 Ti 4 O 9 at high temperature and pressure.H 2 Ti 4 O 9 ·H 2 O was generated after washing with distilled water and HCl, which was then linked to a wire by hydrogen bonding.Finally,sintering gave SCTNWs.The SCTNWs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,selected area electron diffraction（SAED）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDS）,and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.The influence of hydrothermal growth time was investigated.A flexible photoanode was fabricated on Ti foil using a highly stable and uniform titania colloid including the SCTNWs.The photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells （DSSCs）containing different contents of SCTNWs was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy （SEM）,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）,ultraviolet-visible（UV-Vis）spectrophotometry,and photovoltaic tests.Under optimized conditions with 7.5%（w）SCTNW,a flexible DSSC with a light- to-electrical energy conversion efficiency of 6.48%was achieved under irradiation with simulated solar light with an intensity of 100 mW·cm -2 .