计及风电的电网调度与控制架构分析

Structural Analysis of Power Grid Dispatch and Control System Considering Wind Power Integration

近年来我国的风电快速发展,局部地区的风电穿透率已经较高,这给传统的电网有功、无功调度与控制系统带来了很大的挑战。分析和总结风电的基本特性,包括波动性、不完全可预测性、低可控性等,以及我国风电一些特殊性如集中开发、远距离传输和直接接入主网等。详细分析了风电接入后需要对传统调度与控制系统做的改进工作,以及计及风电的调度与控制系统的整体框架。研究认为,在有功方面应按照三次、二次、一次频率控制的顺序开展研究与应用,在无功方面则应按照一次、二次、三次电压控制的顺序。同时也讨论了有功、无功调度与控制在发展路线上存在不同之处的内在原因。

In recent years,wind power has been developing rapidly in China,and in some regions the wind power penetration rate has already been very high,which constitutes great challenges for the traditional active and reactive power dispatch and control system.Firstly,this paper analyzes and summarizes some basic characteristics of wind power,including fluctuation,partial predictability,and low controllability,as well as some unique features of wind power in China,such as centralized development,long-distance transmission and direct integration into main grid,etc.Secondly,this research analyzes the necessary improvements on the traditional dispatch and control system after wind power integration,and proposes the framework of the dispatch and control system considering wind integration.It is suggested that the active power research and application should be implemented according to the order of tertiary,secondary,and primary frequency control;while the order of primary,secondary,tertiary voltage control is suitable for the reactive power.Finally analysis focuses on the inherent reasons for the differences between active and reactive dispatch and control development roadmap.