家族企业的分立治理结构选择及案例解析

Discrete Structural Analysis of Family Business and Case Study

家族企业是一组具有分立特征的治理结构的集合,其特有的构建基础是家族社会资本,而家族社会资本具有较强的资产专用性,进而家族社会资本专用性就成为家族企业分立治理结构选择的关键因素。本文一方面通过家族社会资本的专用性和相对重要性两个维度,建立了家族企业治理结构的选择模型。另一方面从契约法、适应性、治理工具等角度,对各种治理结构进行了横向比较。文章指出,家族企业包括家庭科层企业、家族连带企业和家族仲裁企业三大类,它们对应的是统一治理结构、双边治理结构和第三方治理结构。最后,本文通过对一家来自莆田东庄的民营医疗集团的演进案例分析,验证了研究结论。

Family business is a set of governance structure with a discrete feature. Its unique structure base is its family social capital with a strong asset specificity, which becomes the key factor for family business to choose discrete governance structure. This paper builds up a family business selection model for governance structure. It then points out that family business includes three categories-family bureaucracy business, family ties business and family arbitration business, and their corresponding governance structures are integration governance structure, bilateral governance structure and third party governance structure. In the end, all the above research conclusions are verified through an evolution case study of a private medical group in Putian city.