重大赛事主场优势形成机制的量化研究

Quantitative Research on Mechanism of Home Advantage in Major Sport Competition

通过量化研究进一步探讨重大赛事主场优势的形成机制。根据前期对重大赛事主场优势形成机制质化研究的典范模型,提出了对重大赛事主场形成机制量化研究的研究变量以及变量之间关系的研究假设,编制或修订了相关研究变量的测评问卷,问卷的信效度基本达到测量学要求;并对120名国家队运动员进行有效施测,研究结果表明:主场环境直接影响心理领域感,对比赛结果没有直接影响,对主场环境的预先应对在主场优势形成中具有因果条件作用;个体主场心理变量不仅受赛前变量影响,同时也影响着其它后续心理变量和比赛结果变量,在主场优势形成过程中具有一定的中介作用;主场推进策略可以有效影响运动员的个体主场心理变量和比赛结果,对主场优势的形成起到至关重要的作用。

This study explored the mechanism of home advantage in major sport competition by quantitative research.Firstly,researchers conceptualized related variables and hypothesized the relationship of the variables according to the main categories of paradigm model of the qualitative study.Then researcher developed standardized questionnaires of these variables whose reliabilities and validities were acceptable in psychometrics.120 national athletes were surveyed with questionnaires and the data were analyzed by regression analysis.The results showed that home environment could influence priority feeling in psychological territoriality and couldn＇t directly influence the competition outcome.And coping in advance for home environment had the function of the cause condition for home advantage,which affected all the individual psychological variables and the competition outcome.Individual psychological variables had the function of the mediated condition for home advantage,which could be influenced by the pre-competition variables such as home environment and coping in advance,and could influence the other consequence psychological variables and the competition outcome.Finally,the interventions or strategies for home environment were critical for home advantage,which could effectively affect the psychological variables and the competition outcome.