不同品种中国柚果皮中挥发性物质的组成及质量分数比较

Comparison of volatile compounds in flavedos of Chinese pummelos

采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用技术对沙田柚、琯溪蜜柚、玉环柚、脆香甜柚及胡柚5种中国柚的外果皮中挥发性物质的组成和含量进行定性定量分析。结果表明:柚子外果皮中共检测到75种挥发性物质,其中种类最多的是萜类,为55种;其他种类较多的依次为醛类7种、酯类4种、醇类3种。萜类物质质量分数为总挥发性物质的75%～90%,主要的是β-月桂烯、柠檬烯、萜品烯、α-蒎烯、罗勒烯。不同品种的柚子外果皮挥发性物质从种类、数量和含量上都有显著差异。胡柚含有独特挥发性物质达10种,沙田柚和玉环柚均为4种,脆香甜柚3种,琯溪蜜柚最少只有1种。

In the present study,headspace solid phase microextraction（HS-SPME） combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry（GC-MS） was employed to analyze the volatile compounds in flavedos of ＇Shatianyu＇,＇Guanximiyu＇,＇Yuhuanyu＇,＇Cuixiangtianyu＇ and ＇huyu＇.The results showed that there are 75 volatile components in flavedos,and 55 kinds of alkenes take the largest part in these components,followed by 7 kinds of aldehydes,4 kinds of esters and 3 kinds of alcohols,respectively.The major volatile components are terpenes accounting for 75%-90%,and among these terpenes,β-myrcene,limonene,terpinene,α-pinene,ocimene are the major aromas.Significant differences were found in quantities,contents and categories among different kinds of volatile compounds in flavedos of ＂Youzi＂.＇Huyu＇ has 10 kinds of unique components,and ＇Shatianyu＇,＇Yuhuanyu＇,＇Cuixiangtianyu＇,＇Guanximiyu＇ has 4,4,3 and 1 unique components,respectively