小麦春化基因的遗传效应研究

The Genetic Effect of Wheat Vernalization Gene

为了解小麦春化基因Vrn-1的遗传效应,以15个不同类型的小麦品种为试材,研究了不同春化处理对小麦发育进程的影响,并采用分子标记鉴定了上述品种的Vrn-1等位基因组成。结果表明,不同Vrn-1等位基因组合的小麦品种抽穗期存在很大差异;3个显性Vrn-1等位基因的遗传效应表现为Vrn-A1>Vrn-D1>Vrn-B1;春化基因具有累加效应,显性Vrn-1基因的存在使基因型呈现春性特征,不携带任何显性Vrn-1基因的基因型则表现为冬性。因此,采用春化基因分子标记可以很好地预测品种的冬春性。

In order to understand the genetic effect of vernalization gene Vrn-1,the effect of vernalization treatment on development of 15 wheat cultivars was studied,and the allelic composition of the Vrn-1 gene in 5A,5B and 5D genomes in above cultivars were analyzed using the sequence-specific PCR.The results indicated that there is significantly difference in heading stages of genotype with different Vrn-1 allele combinations.The genetic effect of three dominant Vrn-1 alleles is follows： Vrn-A1Vrn-D1Vrn-B1：the vernalization genes have additive effects,the presence of a dominant Vrn-1 allele in any genotype confers spring growth habit,whereas the presence of recessive alleles in the homozygous state confers winter growth habit.Therefore,the winter-spring character of cultivars can be confirmed according to the combination of vernalization genes.