地被菊花粉生活力测定及影响因素研究

Study on Measureing and Factors Affecting on Pollen Germination Ability of Ground-cover Chrysanthemum

花粉生活力的高低直接影响地被菊杂交育种效率的高低或成败。快速准确测定不同地被菊品种的花粉生活力,可为正确选择杂交组合和授粉时间等提供参考依据,也是保证杂交育种顺利进行的关键。采用ME3液体培养基为基本培养基,探讨了地被菊花粉离体萌发的培养时间、适宜培养基和影响花粉生活力的主要因素,结果表明:花粉离体培养后90 min,花粉萌发率达到最高值;地被菊花粉萌发的适宜培养基为ME3+蔗糖100 g/L+PEG4000 150g/L或ME3+蔗糖150 g/L+PEG4000 150 g/L,150 g/L的PEG600和250 g/L的PEG4000也对花粉萌发有一定促进作用;温度是影响地被菊花粉萌发的重要因素,其中10,15,20℃是地被菊花粉萌发的适宜温度,高温会抑制花粉萌发;同一天内不同时间段采集的花粉生活力不同,其中13:00采集的花粉生活力最高,11:00-15:00也有较高的生活力。

The efficiency and success or failurehy of bridization for Ground-cover Chrysanthemum were influenced by pollen＇s germination ability.Hence,the methods for measureing Chrysanthemum pollen＇s germination ability which is quickly and accurate could provid references for crosscombination and pollination time,also it is the key for sucsess of bridization.Thus,the isolated culture time,the optimal culture media and the important factors influencing pollen germination in vitro of Ground-cover Chrysanthemum were studied.The liquid media of ME3 was used as the basic culture.The results showed that： The pollen germination rate was the highest 90 min later when cultured in vitro;the optimal culture media was ME3 ＋ sugar 100 g/L ＋ PEG4000 150 g/L or ME3＋ sugar 150 g/L ＋ PEG4000 150 g/L.150 g/L of PEG600 and 250 g/L of PEG4000 could also promote pollen germination in vitro also;The factor temperature was important affecting pollen germination in vitro and 10,15,20℃ were the optimum temperature for pollen germination,but which was repressed at high temperature;The pollen＇s germination ability were different owing to pollens collected in different time during the same day and the ones collected at 13：00 had the highest germination ability,and then followed by the ones from 11：00 to 15：00.