除草剂对黄芩叶片光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

Effect of Herbicides on the Photosynthetic Properties and Chlorophyll Florescence Parameters of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi

试验采用随机区组设计,在黄芩幼苗期喷施骠马、精喹禾灵、收乐通、烟嘧磺隆和世玛等除草剂。研究了5种除草剂对黄芩幼苗光合作用相关的叶绿素、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度以及荧光参数的影响。结果表明:按5种除草剂的推荐浓度处理后,叶绿素含量与CK相比分别下降了12.29%、14.29%、5.44%、27%、40.53%;净光合速率分别下降了11.68%、17.32%、16.5%、40.1%、52.5%;而荧光参数则表现出喷施骠马、精喹禾灵、收乐通后各项指标下降或升高的幅度小于喷施烟嘧磺隆、世玛各项指标的变化。除草剂对黄芩叶的光合和叶绿素荧光特性的影响表现出明显的剂量效应,即除草剂剂量越大,对黄芩叶片光合和叶绿素荧光特性的影响就越明显。由此得出结论:骠马、精喹禾灵、收乐通推荐剂量0.75kg.hm-2、0.6kg.hm-2、0.6kg.hm-2是比较安全的,而烟嘧磺隆、世玛推荐剂量1.52kg.hm-2、0.35kg.hm-2已对黄芩产生药害。

The experiment was designed in random block,and spraying herbicides included fenoxaprop-p-ethyl,quizalofop-p-ethyl,clethodim,nicosulfuron,and mesosulfuron at seedling period of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.It was researched about the influence on the radix seedling photosynthesis related chlorophyll,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,the intercellular CO2 concentration and fluorescence and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristic parameters,which were related with photosynthesis of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi seedlings by the five herbicides.The results showed that after the recommended concentration treatments of the five herbicides,chlorophyll contents decreased 12.29%,14.29%,5.44%,27% and 40.53% compared to CK;net photosynthetic rate reduced 11.68%,17.32%,16.5%,40.1% and 52.5%;But for the fluorescence and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristic parameters,the change rates of the first three herbicides were smaller than that of the last two.The influence on photosynthetic index of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi leaves displayed remarkable dose-response,which meant more dosages more influence.It concluded that the recommended dosages of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl,quizalofop-p-ethyl,clethodim were 0.75 kg·hm-2,0.6 kg/hm,0.6 kg·hm-2,respectively,which were safe,but the recommended dosages of 1.52 kg·hm-2,0.35 kg·hm-2 for nicosulfuron and mesosulfuron respectively caused drug misadventures to Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.