甜瓜育种资源农艺性状的多变量分析

Multivariate Analysis on Bioagronomical Traits of Cucumis melo L.Germplasm

对9个不同变种及类型的370份甜瓜种质资源24个性状进行多变量分析,结果表明;反映果实大小、种子大小、植株生长期和果实发育期的性状呈高度极显著正相关,表现果实成熟特性的脱落和黄化性状呈极显著正相关。370份甜瓜育种材料在果实发育期、果实性状及种子性状上存在丰富的变异性,主成分分析结果表明:三个主成分PC1,PC2和PC3对甜瓜变异性的累计贡献率达50.2%,通过PC1和PC2分别能将生态学上的薄皮甜瓜和厚皮甜瓜类型以及具有显著脱落和黄化现象的类型区分开来;另外,未定类型的分布以及不同变种的广泛交叉重叠,表明现代育种资源多为不同变种或类型间相互杂交经多代选育而来。多变量分析结果为甜瓜育种提供了参考。

Multivariate analysis was performed on 24 traits of 370 accessions covering 9 varieties of Cucumis melo in the preeent study, results showed that the traits on fruit size, seed size and development period of plant and fruit were rather positively connected;similarly, rapid yellowing of epidermis and abscission of peduncle at maturity used for evaluating ripeness were positively related. There was rich variability on the development period of fruit and characters about fruit and seed within 370 accessions. Factor analysis revealed that the contribution of the first 3 principal components （ PC1, PC2 and PC3） for the variation in melon was accumulated to 50.2%, PC1 and PC2 distinguished different groups by fruit size and rapid yellowing of epidermis or abscission of peduncle at maturity respectively. The scattered distribution of the undefined genotypes and overlaps or intersections within some varieties in the scatter diagram illustrated that breeding materials of melon nowadays were hybrids after continuous crossing with different varieties. Multivariate analysis of Cucumis melo. L is helpful in breeding.