特色茶树品种紫娟的生化特点及遗传关系分析

Analysis on Genetic Relationship and Biochlemical Properties of Characteristic Tea Cultivar Zi-Juan

以紫娟等15个云南茶树品种为材料,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定茶叶中的没食子酸(GA)、儿茶素(C)、表儿茶素(EC)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)、表没食子酸儿茶素(EGC)及表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)的含量,应用ISSR标记技术分析紫娟的亲缘关系。结果表明:GA、C、ECG、EGCG及儿茶素总量含量在紫娟中较低,而EGC含量在紫娟中含量较高,说明紫娟与其他品种间的儿茶素含量差异较大,在生化上有一定特点。同时,18个ISSR引物共扩增出111个位点,其中89个位点呈现多态性,多态性为80.18%,紫娟与品种间遗传相似系数变幅在0.582～0.800,平均0.693。UPGMA聚类则15个茶树品种分为3组,其中紫娟与云抗27号、73-8、云抗43号等9个品种聚在一起,说明紫娟等15个品种之间的遗传差异较小,遗传基础较窄,亲缘关系比较近。

By using high performance liquid chromatography （ HPLC ）, the gallic acid （ GA）, catechins （ C ）, epicatechin （EC） , epigallocatechin （ EGC ） , epicatechin gallate （ECG） and epigallocateehin gallate （EGCG） con tents of 15 tea eultivars from Yunnan Province were measured. Besides,in order to solve the genetic relationship of tea cultivar Zi-juan,the inter-simple sequence repeats （ISSR） markers were used to detect the relationship of 15 tea eultivars including tea euhivar Zi-juan and 14 other euhivars. The results showed that the contents of GA, C, ECG, EGCG and total eateehins in tea cultivar Zi-juan were relatively low,but the content of EGC in tea cultivar Zi-juan was relatively high, indicating that there was big difference of various eateehin contents among tea eultivar Zi-juan and other tea euhivars,and there exists its bioehlemieal properties of tea euhivar Zi-juan to some extent. At the same time,the result of ISSR analysis showed that one hundred and eleven DNA fragments among all 15 tea eultivars were amplified by using eighteen reliable ISSR primers, among which 89 DNA bands were polymorphic （PPB = 80. 18% ）. The genetic similarity among tea cuhivar Zi-juan and 14 other eultivars ranged from 0. 582 to 0. 800, with a 0- 693 average. The cluster analysis presented that these euhivars were divided into three main groups using the unweighted pair-group method based on arithmetic average （UPGMA） based on ISSR molecular marker data, and 10 tea eultivars including Zi-juan, Yunkang 27,Yunkang 43 and so on were grouped together. ISSR analysis resuits indicated that there existed a small genetic base and fairly close genetic relationships, indicating a narrow gene pool among Zi-juan tea eultivar and 14 other eultivars tested.