不同栽培方式对芝麻农艺性状及产量的影响

Effects of Different Cultivation Mode on Agronomic Characters and Yield of Sesame

为了明确不同栽培方式下芝麻农艺性状和产量的差异,为高产栽培提供理论依据。以冀芝128为材料,进行了单垄先播种后覆膜(T1)、单垄先覆膜后播种(T2)、双垄先播种后覆膜(T3)、双垄先覆膜后播种(T4)、双垄不覆膜(T5)和平地播种种植(CK)6种栽培方式的试验,并采用GGE双标图法对数据进行分析。结果表明:芝麻在不同栽培方式下性状和产量表现出明显的差异,其中以T3和T4处理下,植株茎秆粗壮、始蒴高度最低、绿叶数最多、落叶高度最矮、空梢尖最短、病害最轻,并且在此处理下株蒴数、千粒重和产量最高。GGE双标图法通过图解方式可直观清晰地标识出最有利于芝麻生长发育的处理,为栽培方式的选择提供了有效的分析手段。

In order to understand the effects of different planting patterns on agronomie characters and yield and provide the reference for high yield level planting of sesame. Six treatments including single ridge with sowing before mulching （T1） , single ridge with mulching before sowing （T2） , double ridges with sowing before mulching （ T3 ）, double ridges with mulching before sowing （ T4）, double ridge without mulding （ T5 ） and fiat-planting （CK） were disigned with sesame cultivar Jizhi128. Experimental data were analysed using GGE biplot. The results showed that sesame agronomic characters and yield appear significant differences in different planting patterns, among which the treatment of T3 and T4 were the best planting pattern for sesame. The sesames stem diameter were wider,first capsule height were lower, green leaf number were more, leaf fallen height were lower, infertile top length were shorter, disease index were less,capsules per plant were more, 1 000-seed weight were heavier and seed yield per plant were higer in T3 and T4 treatments than others. GGE biplot can show the best treatment in fig and provide an effective method to select planting patterns.