产褥期妇女的主要健康问题及其相关因素的分析

Analysis of the main health problems in puerperium women and the correlation factor

目的:通过产后入户访视及时发现产妇在产褥期所存在的健康问题,以便给予正确指导。方法:延吉市公园社区卫生服务中心指定有妇产科经验的临床医生及儿保医生组成访视小组,在2011年4～8月对本社区171名产妇进行入户访视,并对访视中所发现的问题进行分析。结果:入户访视的171例产妇中主要健康问题,乳汁分泌不足70例,占40.93%;会阴伤口愈合差15例,占32.61%;剖宫产切口愈合差3例,占2.59%;血性恶露时间延长发生率剖宫产组(50.86%,116例中59例)明显高于正常产组(5.45%,55例中3例)。结论:产后母乳分泌不足、恶露异常、伤口愈合差是产褥期妇女主要健康问题,应采取综合措施,提高母乳喂养率;严格掌握剖宫产指征,降低剖宫产率;运用社区妇幼保健服务新的管理模式,不断完善产后访视工作。

Objective： To find postpartum maternal health problems through post-natal home visiting in order to give them proper guidance. Methods： Experienced clinicians and maternity child health doctors of Yanji City Park Community Health Center were designated as make visiting team. 171 post-natal mathers of this community were subjected to be home visited from April to August 2011 and the herlth problems were analyzed. Results： Enter a supervision of 171 cases of maternal health problems in the main, 70 cases had insufficient breast milk secretion, accounting for 40.93%; 15 cases had poor perineal wound healing, accounting for 32.61%; 3 cases had cesarean section wound healing poor, accounting for 2.59%; The incidence of bloody lochia duration extended in cesarean section group （50.86%, 59 cases of 116 cases） was significantly higher than that of normal production group （5.45%, 3 cases of 55 cases）. Conclusion： Postpartum breast milk secretion insufficient, abnormal lochia and poor wound healing are the major health problems in postpartum womens. We should take comprehensive measures to improve breastfeeding rates; control strictly the cesarean section indication and decrease cesarean section rate; use the new management mode of community maternal and child health services to improve post-natal home visiting work.