言语行为转喻源始域选择与会话者权势关系——《雷雨》的认知文体分析

The Relevance of Choice of Source Domain to Power Relationship——A Cognitive Reading of Thunderstorm

与隐喻研究现状相似,国内外大部分转喻研究目前都集中在名词构成的指称性转喻上,由动词表征的谓词性转喻和言外转喻少有人问津。使用言语行为转喻学说,笔者考察了《雷雨》著名片断"喝药"的一段会话,发现人物在选择喻体即事态场景内的成分部分时与人物权势关系有关,强势者往往选择行为场景中转喻力度强的行为成分:事态核心成分和离核心成分最近的成分;而弱势者则倾向于采用转喻力度较弱的成分:非事态核心成分和距其较远的成分。言语行为转喻,若辅之以某些语用概念,不但为交际中频现的间接言语行为提供了新的解释方法,而且对于解读戏剧人物具有指导性意义。

Similar to current studies on metaphor, most cognitive linguistic scholars focus their attention on referential （nominal） metony- my, ignoring predicative and illocutionary ones. Within the framework of speech act metonymy, the author analyzes a dialogue of Thunderstorm, finding out that there is relevance of choice of source domain to the power relationships of characters. Powerful ones tend to select Core elements, while the less powerful do the Before components to activate whole speech act scenario. The notion of speech act metonymy, together with some pragmatic parameters, is crucial to exploring indirect speech acts in daily communication, and drama style as well.