试论俄罗斯寡头的形成及其对中国制度变迁的启示

Formation of the Russian Oligarchs and the Transformation of the Chinese System

俄罗斯激进的产权变革,转型中国家控制能力的下降和意识形态的混乱,以及特殊的家庭出身或人生境遇所造就的独特的思维方式和行为风格,使俄罗斯社会在转型中形成了一批寡头。寡头的产生使俄罗斯产权结构变革的功效被扭曲,其对政治生活的深度介入成为俄国政治运行正常化的障碍。中国若要保证制度变迁中社会运行的稳定和有序,国家控制能力必须要得到适当的加强而不是削弱;产权变革一定要稳定有序推进;要注意建设一个全面、有效而灵活的意识形态;同时政权建设要充分注意开放性和包容性。

Russian radical property right reform, the decreasing controlling ability of the state under transformation, the confusion of the ideology, as well as the unique way of thinking and behavior style from the special family background or life situation make the society in Russian form a batch of oligarchs. The existence of Russian oligarchs makes the effect of property right structure reform distorted, whose deep involvement in political life has become the obstacles to the normalization of the Russian political operation. If China wants to ensure its system transition stably and orderly in social operation, the controlling ability of the state has to be strengthned appropriately but not weakened; Property right reform must be advanced stably and orderly; and the party should pay attention to build a comprehensive, effective and flexible ideology; Political power construction has to pay full attention to its openness and tolerance at the time.