收入差异的“倒U型”假说悖论:初次分配、再分配与政策选择

Kuznets Curve Hypothesis Paradox in China:Inter-regional Income Differences in Initial Distribution or Redistribution,and Policy Choice

通过MLD指数分解分析,发现中国收入差异有明显扩大趋势,且地区间差异贡献率高,这与库兹涅茨"倒U型"假说相悖。收入分配的不平衡受初次分配差异与再分配差异共同影响,其中初次分配差异源于要素流动性差异和地区生产力水平差异,而再分配差异应归因于政策倾斜度。要改善中国收入分配不均现状,缩小地区收入差距水平,必须打破二元经济结构,统筹配置资源,适度推进金融自由化进程,加大教育投资,加强社会保障制度建设,并重视西部经济均衡发展。

By MLD index analyzing,we find that there is an expanding trend of income distribution gap in China,with high level of inter-regional disparity,proved that the trend of our income disparity changing and the ＂inverted U＂ hypothesis are contrary.And it is revealed that the factors mobility and productivity level would bring the initial income distribution gap,while the policy inclination would affect the redistribution differences.The solving key of reducing our income disparity is to break our dual economic structure,to optimize resources allocation,to appropriately promote financial liberalization,to increase investment in education,to improve the social security,and to balance the western economy development.