有机阴离子转运蛋白的研究进展

Progress in Study on Organic Anion Transporters

有机阴离子转运蛋白(organic anion transporters,OATs)是一类底物特异性较差、主要表达于屏障上皮的转运蛋白,主要位于肾近曲小管,在其他器官如肝、脑和胎盘也有分布,介导众多带负电的体内代谢产物(包括尿酸、神经递质酸性代谢终产物、甾体激素、前列腺素等)和药物跨细胞转运,对药物排泄和药动学有重要影响。本文就已克隆的各亚型OATs的特性、生理功能及其活性调节、转运机制、底物、对药动力学的影响等方面作一介绍。

Organic anion transporters （OATs） belong to a family of poly-specific transporters mainly located in barrier epithelia such as renal proximal tubule, brain, liver and placenta. OATs interact with endogenous metabolic end products such as urate and acidic neutrotransmitter metabolites, as well as with a multitude of widely used drugs, including antibiotics, diuretics, antihypertensives and anti-inflammatory drugs. Thereby, OATs play an important role in renal drug elimination and have an impact on pharmacokinetics. This review summarizes current knowledge of the properties and functional roles of the cloned OAT family members detailed in tissue differences in expression and physiologic function, drug-drug interactions, and finally, gender-dependent regulation in health and diseased states.