弥苴河口湿地植物残体与底泥资源化利用研究

A Study on Resource Utilisation of Plant Residues and Sediment from Wetlands of Miju River Estuary

应用双室堆沤肥技术，以弥苴河口湿地植物残体、湿地底泥和当地养殖业废物制成双室堆沤肥，按不同配比设计5种施肥处理方案进行还田试验。对比研究施肥前后的蔬菜产量、蔬菜品质、土壤肥力以及土壤根际微生物，发现：方案A[50％-60％植物残体（收割物）＋40％-50％养殖业废物＋微生物菌剂（3kg／t），活性液体肥作追肥。农药同习惯施肥对增加蔬菜产量、提高蔬菜品质、增加土壤肥力和改善土壤微生态环境效果最好。在实际应用中也可适当增加10％-20％的湿地底泥，相应减少养殖业废物量。

By using a dual-chamber composting heap technology for plant residues and sediment from wetlands of Miju River estuary as well as local livestock farming wastes, compost in five different proportionings was made to apply to the fields. The yield and quality of vegetables, fertility and rhizospheric microorganisms of the soil before and after the fertiliser applications were compared. The field tests showed that Scenario A （50% to 60% harvesting material of plant residues ＋ 40% to 50% livestock farming wastes ＋ 3 kg microbial agent per tonne, with active liquid manure as topdressing and conventional type of pesticide usage） could enhance the vegetable yield and quality, improve fertility and microecosystem of the soil the best. In practice, 10% to 20% increase in wetland sediment with corresponding decrease in livestock farming wastes may be suitable as well.