不同施肥对浙北平原稻油—稻麦轮作制的新造农田养分平衡和作物产量的影响

Nutrient balance of rape-rice and wheat-rice alternating rotation by different ways of fertilization and its effect on crop yield in new farmland of northern Zhejiang Plain

通过4年7季作物的定位试验,研究了不同施肥制度下浙北平原新造农田麦稻—油稻交替轮作农田养分实际养分平衡盈亏率及其与作物产量的关系。结果表明,春季作物养分盈余明显,氮、磷实际养分平衡盈亏率均在100%以上,而稻季磷钾养分相对亏缺。施用有机肥和秸秆还田能综合平衡氮磷钾供给,从而提高作物产量。春季作物产量与氮磷钾总养分实际平衡率呈正相关,而晚稻在氮磷钾总养分实际养分平衡盈亏率5%左右能获取最佳产量,且在化肥氮投入一定条件下,晚稻产量与磷钾养分实际养分平衡盈亏率呈正相关。

Nutrient balance of fixed monitoring sites in new farmland by different ways of fertilization in rape-rice and wheat-rice alternating rotation system and its effect on crop yield in North Zhejiang Plain was studied for 7 season crops in 4 years.The results showed that the apparent surplus of nutrients in spring crops,and the actual balance of nitrogen,phosphorus profit rate were above 100%,while phosphorus and potassium deficient in rice season.Application of organic fertilizer and straw stalk return to the field could be integrated to maintain the supply-demand balance of NPK nutrients and increase crop yields.The crop yield in spring season was positively correlated with the total NPK nutrient actual balance profit and loss rate,but late rice could get the best yield by the actual balance of the total NPK rate of 5%.In the condition of certain chemical N input,rice yield was also positively correlated with the phosphorus and potassium actual balance profit and loss rate.