四川省自贡市院前急救时间分布规律研究

A study of time distribution in pre-hospital care

目的探讨自贡市急救中心院前急救时间分布特征,为科学调配院前急救资源提供可靠依据。方法分析2007～2009年自贡市急救中心出诊的院前急救数据库中国际疾病分类(ICD-10)诊断排名前六位疾病,以及院前急救疾病总数的时间分布,包括周、时刻、月份以及季节分布特征。结果院前急救周分布无高峰点及高峰段(P>0.05);院前急救时刻分布高峰点为15点42分,损伤中毒、循环、呼吸、神经系统疾病高峰点与全年分布情况类似,精神和行为障碍高峰点为20点05分,前急救月份分布高峰点为12月6日,损伤中毒、循环系统、呼吸系统、消化系统、精神和行为障碍等各类疾病高峰点与全年分布情况相似,神经系统疾病高峰点为9月25日;院前急救季节分布以冬季较多(P<0.05),其中损伤中毒和外因的某些其他后果、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、精神和行为障碍与全年季节分布情况基本一致,神经系统疾病季节分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论根据本地院前急救时间分布规律可以妥善安排人力、物力,做到院前资源配置合理化、科学化、人性化,充分发挥院前急救功能。

To provide a reasonable basis for allocating pre-hospital resources scientifically by investigating the features of time distribution in pre-hospital care in Zigong Urgent Rescue Center. We analyzed the pre-hospital database between 2007 and 2009 in Zigong,and studied the weekly,moment,monthly,and seasonal distribution of the top six diseases classified by international classification of disease（ICD）-10 and all pre-hospital emergency diseases. There were no peak time in the weekly distribution（P 0.05）.The moment distribution showed that the pre-hospital care most frequently occurred at 15：42（P 0.05）,the distribution of the peak incidence of injuries,intoxication,diseases of respiratory and nervous system,and mental and behavioral disorders was similar to the whole year distribution of those diseases.Mental and behavioral disorders most frequently occurred at 20：05（P 0.05）.The seasonal distribution showed that the occurrence of pre-hospital care most frequently occurred at December 6（P 0.05）,the distribution of the peak incidence of injuries,intoxication,diseases of circulatory,respiratory and digestive system and mental and behavioral disorders was similar to the whole year distribution of those diseases,and the diseases of nervous system most frequently occurred at September 25（P 0.05）.The seasonal distribution showed that the occurrence of pre-hospital care most frequently occurred in winter（P 0.05）,the distribution of the peak incidence of injuries,intoxication,diseases of circulatory,respiratory and digestive system and mental and behavioral disorders was similar to the whole year seasonal distribution of those diseases,and the nervous system was not significantly different among seasons（P 0.05）. We should allocate the human and other resources properly in pre-hospital care,thus making it reasonable,scientific and humanized,and fulfill the obligation of pre-hospital care fully on the basis of pre-hospital time distribution in our city.