河南某农村地区小学四年级学生预防艾滋病教育效果评价

Impact of HIV/AIDS prevention education on elementary school students in rural area of Henan Province

目的探讨学校预防艾滋病教育对农村小学四年级学生知识、态度和行为的影响,为在中国农村小学开展预防艾滋病教育提供参考依据。方法以河南省某农村地区8所农村小学全体四年级学生为研究对象,以学校为单位分为教育组和等待教育组。先对教育组学生进行教育,在教育研究结束后再对等待教育组学生进行教育。分别于教育前、教育后1周及教育后5个月对学生进行问卷调查。结果与教育前相比,教育后1周和教育后5个月,教育组学生预防艾滋病知识和态度得分增长值明显高于等待教育组学生知识、态度得分增长值(P值均<0.05);教育组学生与家长、同学或朋友谈论预防艾滋病知识的比例由教育前的16.9%和10.9%分别上升到教育后1周的27.1%和18.1%及教育后5个月的38.6%和32.0%,均明显高于等待教育组学生(P值均<0.05)。结论学校预防艾滋病教育能显著提高小学生预防艾滋病知识,有助于促进小学生与家长、同学或朋友有关预防艾滋病问题的交流。

Objective To evaluate the impact of school AIDS/HIV prevention education on knowledge,attitude and behaviors of the pupils in the rural area,and to provide bases for AIDS prevention education among elementary school in the rural area.Methods Pupils of grade 4 from 8 rural elementary schools in a rural town were recruited.The pupils were assigned to education group and waiting-education group by schools.The pupils were surveyed by self-administered questionnaire before education（baseline）,one week after education,and five months after education.Results Comparing with the pupils in waiting-education group,one week after AIDS prevention education,the scores of knowledge and attitude about AIDS prevention among pupils in education group were significantly increased;the rates of communication with parents and schoolmates or friends about AIDS-related information in education group pupils were increased from 16.9%,10.9%（before education） to 27.1%,18.1% respectively.Five months after education,the scores of knowledge and attitude among education group pupils were also higher than pupils in waiting-education group;the rates of communication with parents and schoolmates or friends in education group were 38.6% and 32.0%,which were statistically higher than the rates in waiting-education group.Conclusion AIDS prevention education can significantly improve the knowledge level of pupils and can make more pupils hold positive attitudes toward people with HIV and also can promote pupils to communicate with parents and schoolmates or friends about HIV/AIDS.