贵州西部高原5278例紫外线致病知识和防晒方式调查分析

The Investigation and Analysis on the Knowledge of the Disease Caused by Ultraviolet and Sun Protection Behaviors of 5 278 Western Plateau People in Guizhou

目的了解贵州西部高原地区民众紫外线致病知识的知晓情况、防晒意识和防晒方式,为该地区开展紫外线相关的皮肤病健康教育和制定预防光损性皮肤病措施提供科学依据。方法 2010年8月-2011年5月对贵州西部高原地区3363例光曝露人群和1915例普通民众采用分层整群抽样法进行问卷调查,并对调查结果进行统计学分析。结果农民和驾驶员的平均日晒时间高于其他人群,81.58%的被调查者不能正确回答问卷中的问题,92.61%不知道部分肿瘤发生与紫外线相关,89.18%不知道皮肤老化与过度日晒有关,女性的防晒知识了解较男性多,40.43%日常生活中无任何防晒措施,49.80%认为紫外线所致皮肤损伤不属于疾病范畴。结论贵州西部高原地区民众对紫外线致病知识知晓率低、防晒意识薄弱、防晒方式单一,对该地区民众进行紫外线相关的健康教育、建立皮肤肿瘤和光损伤性皮肤病的初级预防机制具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the situation of ultraviolet pathogenic knowledge, sun protection awareness and behaviors learned by the western plateau people in Guizhou province,in order to provide scientific basis for conducting the education of skin health and the prevention of photo damage skin disease. Methods Using method of Stratified cluster sampling in stages,we investigated the crow including 3 363 persons exposed to the sun and 1 915 common persons including the crowd exposed to the sun and the common controls in the western district of Guizhou from August 2010 to May 2011. Results We found that the average sunshine time of peasantry and drivers were more than other crowds, 81.58% persons did not correctly answer the problem. 92.6% persons did not know that some tumors were related to ultraviolet rays. 89.18% persons did not know that skin ageing was related to excessive sunshine. Women know more sun protection than men, 40.43% persons did not take any measure. 49.80% persons thought that the skin damage caused by ultravio- let rays was not a disease. Conclusion The rate of knowledge of the crowd who live in the western district of Guizhou about the disease caused by ultraviolet rays is low, their sun protection awareness is poor,and their sun protection behavior is single.Therefore it is important to carry out sun protection education, so as to improve their sun protection awareness and establish the primary protection mechamsm of skin cancer and photo damage skin diseases.