梨花粉、花柱与子房中激素和矿质元素含量的比较

The Comparison of the Hormones and Mineral Elements Contents Among Pollen,Style and Ovary in Pear

以‘砀山酥梨’与‘丰水’梨为研究对象,测定了花粉、花柱、子房中内源激素与矿质元素的含量,探讨了花柱中内源激素及矿质元素的水平与花粉原位萌发的关系。结果表明,花柱中激素与矿质元素含量从形态学上端到下端呈梯度分布,其中内源激素ABA、IAA、ZR呈逐渐升高的趋势,而GA3呈逐渐下降的趋势,矿质元素K、Ca、Fe、Zn、B均呈逐渐下降的趋势。用2.5mg.L-1IAA和5mg.L-16-BA处理花柱对花粉管伸长有显著促进作用。进一步分析发现,梨花柱中ABA、IAA含量高于花粉。说明花粉萌发过程中所需的主要激素可能源自花柱,当花柱中激素含量增加时,可促进花粉管的伸长。花粉中矿质元素K、Ca、Fe、Zn、B高于花柱与子房,说明花粉萌发过程中所需的矿质元素可能来自花粉自身,当花柱中矿质元素含量增加时,对花粉管的伸长并无明显的促进作用。

＇Dangshan Suli＇an＇dHousi＇pear were as experiment materials in this study,the hormones and mineral elements content in pollen,style and ovary were respectively measured by method of ELISA（Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay）and ICP-AES（Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry）,the effects of the hormone and mineral elements levels in style on pollen germination were discussed.The results showed that hormone levels in style exhibit gradient distribution,from the top to the bottom in style morphology,the endogenous hormones ABA,IAA,ZR contents were gradually increased,while GA3 was gradually decreased;The mineral elements K,Ca,Fe,Zn,B showed a gradually decreased.The elongation of pollen tube could be promoted treated with 2.5 mg·L-1 IAA and 5 mg·L-1 6-BA;Further analysis showed that the ABA,IAA contents in style is higher than that in pollen,so the major hormones for pollen germination requirement probably come from style,because the elongation of pollen tubes could be promoted by increased hormone levels in style.The mineral elements K,Ca,Fe,Zn and B in pollen higher than the style and ovary,therefore,the required mineral elements in the process of pollen germination may come from the pollen itself,because the elongation of pollen tubes could not be significantly promoted by increased mineral levels in style.