两种砧木对年橘果实品质与产量的影响

The Effect of Rootstocks on Change of Fruit Quality and Storage on Tree of Citrus reticulate 'Nianju'

2006年11月—2009年4月用枳壳(Poncirus trifoliate)和黎檬(Citrus limonia)作砧木研究了年橘(C.reticulate‘Nianju’)果实品质动态变化。结果表明:枳砧树挂果数比黎檬砧多,但产量少,单果质量和纵横径均小。枳砧果实的果形指数果实转色后稍大于着色前,而黎檬砧果略小于着色前;枳砧果维生素C含量高峰期比黎檬砧果约晚1月出现,峰值略高于黎檬砧;可溶性固形物同期达到峰值后下降速率黎檬砧快于枳砧;还原糖、蔗糖和总糖均呈先升后降趋势,上升或下降的速率两种砧木有较大区别。主成分分析的综合得分表明枳砧果实明显优于黎檬砧,留树保鲜的时间也比黎檬砧长30d左右。

The fruit quality o＇fNianju＇tangerine grafted on Citrus limonia and Poncirus trifoliate was studied from Nov.2006 to Apr.2009.The results showed that the two rootstocks had significant effect on fruit quality.The number of＇Nianju＇fruits on P.trifoliate was larger than that on C.limonia,but the yield of＇Nianju＇on C.limonia was higher than that on P.trifoliate.The fruits of＇Nianju＇on P.trifoliate had lighter weight and smaller diameter and longitudinal diameter than those on C.limonia.The fruit shape index of＇Nianju＇on P.trifoliate rose slightly and that of＇Nianju＇on C.limonia decreased slightly after color break.The peak of vitamin C content o＇fNianju＇fruit on P.trifoliate was slightly higher than that on C.limonia and appeared about a month later than that on C.limonia.The soluble solids content o＇fNianju＇ fruit on P.trifoliate dropped slower than that on C.limonia after they amounted to its peak at the same time.The content of reducing sugar,sucrose and total soluble sugar first increased then decreased and the rate of increasing and decreasing showed significant difference between fruits on the two rootstocks.The result of principal component analysis showed that the fruit quality of＇Nianju＇on P.trifoliate were better than that on C.limonia and the period of fruits o＇fNianju＇on P.trifoliate holding its quality on tree was 30 days longer than that on C.limonia.