话题分析模块及七套海外汉语教材的话题分析

The Topic Analysis Template and the Topic Analysis of Seven Overseas Chinese Textbooks

话题是为了体现教学目的与要求而营造出来的一个个围绕着中心而展开的语言环境,在这样的语言环境中融入、组织、安排了需要达到教学目的的知识和技能。话题设计对语言教材特别重要,因为语言技能的教学总是要通过一定的语言环境来实现的。通过对话题的考察比较,可以观察到不同教材的性质、内容、功能与特点。论文建构了一个五大类52小类的话题分析模板,力求做到有较强涵盖面、立类清晰、类与类之间有较好区别度和距离感等。以此为参照点分析了美、英、澳三国的7套汉语教材,概括了其所有的话题305个,发现话题的分布与教材性质、内容和深度有密切关系,7套教材佣属于基础汉语的通用性教材。初级教材的话题多分布于个人信息、生活、人际交流,难度加深的教材话题多分布于社会领域。话题还与词种数、独用词、高频词有密切关系。

this paper set up a topic analysis template, including five categories and 52 subclasses. Based on the analyzing template, seven textbooks separately from USA, UK and Australia are selected as the research objects. We summarized altogether 305 topics, and found that the distribution of the topics has a close relationship with the quality and content of the textbooks. These books are commonly used textbooks of basic Chinese. The topics of the elementary Chinese textbooks are mostly distributed in personal information, life and interpersonal communication, while the topics of the more difficult textbooks are mostly about social problems. Topics are also related with the high frequency words and single use words, etc.