小型猪拔牙创愈合的组织学研究

The morphological changes and the distribution of osteoclast and osteoblast of miniature pig′s tooth extractions

目的了解小型猪拔牙窝愈合的基本特征,观察愈合过程中成骨细胞及破骨细胞的分布规律。方法拔除小型猪相邻的两颗前磨牙,分别于拔除后即刻、4、7、14、30及60天处死动物,获取标本后脱钙,制作组织切片,HE染色,光镜观察不同时间点的拔牙窝组织学变化。采用Image-ProAnalyzer 7.0图像分析系统对颊、舌侧骨板的成骨、破骨细胞进行计数分析。结果拔牙后第4天拔牙窝底部可见较多的破骨细胞;拔牙后第7天骨板内外侧已经有类骨质形成,破骨细胞向方迁移;拔牙后第14天成骨活动十分活跃,仅舌侧骨板还可观察到少量破骨细胞;拔牙后30天拔牙窝内已充满板层骨,哈弗氏系统丰富;60天后拔牙窝内组织学形态接近正常牙槽骨。结论小型猪拔牙窝愈合过程中组织学特征与人类及其它种属相似,但愈合速度更接近人类,小型猪是研究拔牙窝愈合及牙槽突改建较理想的动物模型。

Objective To investigate the histology and morphology during the healing process of tooth extraction sockets in minipigs.Methods Two premolars of minipigs were extracted.The animals were sacrificed 4,7,14,30,60 days and immediately after the extraction.The tissue blocks were assessed by histology examination.The quantity of osteoclast and osteoblast were counted.Results Four days after extraction,abundance of osteoclasts were observed at the bottom of extracted socket.Seven days after extraction,osteoid was found outside and inside the bone plates.At 30 days after extraction,sockets were filled with lamellar bone and Harvard systems.The lamellar bone was occupied partly by bone marrow in the day 60 specimens,with the similar morphology of normal alveolar bone.Conclusion The healing process of tooth extraction socket in miniature pig was similar to that in human being.Miniature pig is an ideal model for the investigations of alveolar reforming.