基于变幅油缸油压的汽车起重机防倾翻检测方法

Rollover Protection Method of Track Cranes Based on Variable Amplitude Oil Pressure Detection

倾翻是汽车起重机最为严重的安全事故之一,为防止汽车起重机倾翻事故的发生,建立合理有效的防倾翻安全检测方法具有重要意义。针对传统力矩限制器未考虑随汽车起重机工作方位(转台回转角度)变化汽车起重机本身抗倾翻力矩能力不同的问题,通过力矩分析分别建立起变幅油缸最大允许油压Fmax与相应的起重臂长度L、变幅角度β、转台回转角度α的关系模型Fmax=fmax(α,β,L),并建立起汽车起重机最大允许吊重Gmax和L、β、α的关系模型Gmax=gmax(α,β,L);基于Fmax=fmax(α,β,L)和Gmax=gmax(α,β,L)两模型分别给出相应的防倾翻安全检测方法;针对起重机几种不同典型工况,以Gmax模型为例进行仿真分析,通过安装相应传感器并以所建防倾翻理论模型为基础构建防倾翻监控器,试验验证结果表明,最大允许吊重理论值与试验检测值基本一致,两者间决定系数R2=0.93。

Tip over of track crane is one of the most fatal accidents arising every year in the world.It is important to study an effective and available inspection method of tip over in order to avoid catastrophic accident happening.The traditional moment limiters of truck crane have some disadvantages because the designer reckons without the change of overturning moment caused by the change of corresponding working azimuth angle of track crane.After the torque being analyzed,the relation model Fmax = f（α,β,L）,which is between maximum acceptable oil pressure of variable amplitude oil cylinder Fmax and arm-length of crane boom L,variable delta amplitude of crane boom β,working azimuth angle of turntable α is constructed,and the relation maximum acceptable lifting capacity model Gmax= g（α,β,L） is also set up.Based on the two theory models derived,the corresponding rollover protection methods are given respectively.In the end,the above models and methods are verified via site tests.The Gmax= g（α,β,L） model is taken as the application example,the simulation analysis and test results indicate that the theoretical value and the trial value of the maximum acceptable lifting capacity are consistent basically,and the coefficient of determination R2 between them is 0.93.