木本植物全基因组测序研究进展

Progress on whole genome sequencing in woody plants

近年来,植物全基因组测序的结果正如雨后春笋般涌现,木本植物全基因组测序也在紧锣密鼓地展开。但由于木本植物通常基因组较大,基因组结构较为复杂,在测序、测序后的组装、注释、功能分析等均存在较大的困难。在基因组测序分析的经费预算方面也存在着较大的压力。因此,有必要对这方面的研究进展及其存在问题进行分析比较,以提高林木全基因组研究方面的效率。文章在比较分析已经发展起来的3代基因测序技术(Sanger测序法、合成测序法和单分子测序法)的基础上,选择4种已经公布的木本植物(杨树、葡萄、番木瓜、苹果),从全基因组测序的研究背景、测序结果及应用的研究进展和存在问题等方面进行了述评,对未来要开展的木本植物全基因组测序前的准备工作(材料选择、遗传图谱和连锁图谱的构建、测序技术的选择),全基因组测序结果的生物信息学分析和应用进行了讨论。

In recent years,the number of sequencing data of plant whole genome have been increasing rapidly and the whole genome sequencing has been also performed widely in woody plants.However,there are a set of obstacles in inves-tigating the whole genome sequencing in woody plants,which include larger genome,complex genome structure,limita-tions of assembly,annotation,functional analysis,and restriction of the funds for scientific research.Therefore,to promote the efficiency of the whole genome sequencing in woody plants,the development and defect of this field should be analyzed.The three-generation sequencing technologies（i.e.,Sanger sequencing,synthesis sequencing,and single molecule sequenc-ing） were compared in our studies.The progress mainly focused on the whole genome sequencing in four woody plants（Populus,Grapevine,Papaya,and Apple）,and the application of sequencing results also was analyzed.The future of whole genome sequencing research in woody plants,consisting of material selection,establishment of genetic map and physical map,selection of sequencing technology,bioinformatic analysis,and application of sequencing results,was discussed.